If your pet needs an ultrasound then you may wonder what is done during the process and how it works. Our St. Louis vets share some of the reasons why an ultrasound may be needed and how you can prepare your cat or dog.
Veterinary Ultrasounds: What are they?
If your pet has injected a foreign object, is expecting puppies or kittens or if they are experiencing a tumor or cyst then your vet will likely recommend a veterinary ultrasound to help diagnose or confirm these concerns. Ultrasounds are a form of imaging technology that transmits sound waves into your pet’s body to produce a 'picture' of a specific part of the body.
Veterinary ultrasounds are non-invasive and can be used to diagnose or evaluate problems with your pet's internal organs or check on your pet's pregnancy.
What are some of the reasons that your cat or dog may need an ultrasound?
An ultrasound can help our vets examine the structure of your pet’s organs so we can discover and identify blockages, tumors or other problems.
At Animal Emergency Clinic ultrasounds are done in our in-house veterinary diagnostic laboratory. Our team of veterinarians uses ultrasounds and other diagnostic tools to provide an accurate diagnosis of your pet’s medical issues, so we can provide your pet with the most effective treatment possible.
Through ultrasound, we can distinguish soft tissue masses from foreign bodies or fluid - a task we might find challenging or impossible to accomplish with a digital X-ray. The sound waves the ultrasound generates are not harmful or painful to your cat or dog.
What are some of the concerns that can be diagnosed or monitored with ultrasounds?
Heart Conditions
If your cat or dog is diagnosed with a heart condition, your primary care vet may refer you to our specialists for a heart ultrasound or echocardiogram in order to evaluate the overall condition of your animal's heart and to look for abnormalities.
Abnormal Blood or Urine Test Results
If your vet discovers abnormalities in your pet’s blood or urine tests, they may recommend an abdominal ultrasound in order to get a clear picture of the health of your pet's internal organs such as the lymph nodes, spleen, kidneys, liver, urinary bladder or other areas to learn why the abnormalities are occurring.
Soft Tissue Concerns
Almost all soft tissues can be examined thanks to ultrasound technology. A few of the most common areas that ultrasounds are used on include:
- Ligaments
- Eyes
- Fetal Viability and Development
- Tendons
- Thyroid Glands
If abnormal tissue is spotted during an ultrasound, the vet may also use the ultrasound to help collect tissue samples from the affected area.
Tissue Collection Using Veterinary Ultrasound
Samples are typically collected using these methods:
- Tru-Cut biopsies
- Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration
If your vet will be performing an ultrasound-assisted tissue collection, your pet will likely be sedated. We can perform biopsies in a less invasive manner with ultrasounds than with surgeries.
What are the different types of veterinary ultrasounds?
There are two main types of ultrasound that your vet may perform. These are:
Emergency Ultrasound
If your pet is experiencing an emergency, the ultrasound will usually focus on the abdomen and chest to quickly learn whether your dog or cat has a serious internal hemorrhage (bleeding) or pneumothorax (a condition in which gas or air collects in the space surrounding the lungs).
With an emergency ultrasound, your vet will be able to diagnose the condition of your dog or cat quickly to get started on treatment sooner.
Echocardiogram or Cardiac Ultrasound
Also referred to as cardiac ultrasounds, with these detailed ultrasounds we can closely assess the heart and its surrounding structures, including the pericardial sac. This will tell us whether the heart is functioning correctly and whether there is a malfunction in the heart.
Though they are usually painless, echocardiograms require several measurements and calculations. If your pet was recently diagnosed with a heart murmur or displays signs of heart disease, they may be referred to our specialists for an echocardiogram.
Once we identify an abnormal part of an organ, an ultrasound-guided biopsy can be performed to collect a sample of the affected tissue. This biopsy allows us to take a tissue sample, which can be inspected with a microscope to reveal more information. In many cases, this will result in a diagnosis.
How can you help prepare your pet for an ultrasound visit?
The preparation needed for your pet's ultrasound will vary depending on the location.
You may be required to withhold food and water for between 8 and 12 hours, particularly for abdominal ultrasounds. We can best examine the urinary bladder when it is full of urine. This is why your cat or dog should not urinate for about 3 to 6 hours before the ultrasound, if possible.
The area to be examined will likely be shaved so clear images can be produced. While most pets will remain still and cooperative during the ultrasound, some will need to be sedated.
If biopsies need to be done, your pet will need a heavy sedative or short-acting anesthetic to help them relax during the procedure and prevent potential complications that could impede success. Your veterinarian will let you know if this is necessary.
What should you expect from the results of your dog or cat's ultrasound?
Ultrasounds are performed in real-time and cast onto a screen allowing us to share the results right away most of the time. In some cases, ultrasound images will be sent to a veterinary radiologist after they’re captured for further consultation. In these cases, you may need to wait a few days for the final result.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.